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gems Trait dissection Phenotyping Molecular Physiology Modelling Nutrition Lysimetric facility Leasyscan Simulation modelling Water uptake Phenotype variability Crop physiology water budget Transpiration response Plant hydraulic processes VPD Root Hydraulic Root scanning Seamless transpiration APSIM simulation genotype Controlled imposition of water stress Lysimetric Assessments Seamless Temperature Hydraulic APSIM Characterization predicted research investigate Phenotype variability Lysimetric Facility Services Vincent Vadez Thomas Hash bottleneck hydraulic vapour genetics projection different staple Constitutive terminal Data agronomists more society performs G*E*M*S complexity return prioritize agronomists cabinet monopoly evaluation research accuracy essentially Jana Kholova Jana Kholova drought adaptive traits drought stress QTL & genetics
  • Why G.E.M.S?

    For us gems means GEMS, or G*E*M*S (genotype by environment by management by society) interactions, i.e. the fact that crop yields results from complex biophysical interactions while acceptance depends on farmer/consumer preferences. This complexity becomes an opportunity when it is cracked into components that can be analyzed, understood, predicted, and then used to prioritize research investments to maximise return. This is what we do, and this is when GEMS become gems!

    A crop performs in different ways in different sites, years and agronomic managements. These are called genotype-by-environment-by management(G×E×M) interactions, and they are a main challenge for breeders and agronomists. There is one more layer of interaction, even more complex, the society (S).

  • Research Streams

  • Trait Dissection

    Understanding mechanisms underlying fundamental plant productive processes : Deciphering of...

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  • Phenotyping

    Physiology at the service of genetics and breeding: Scaling up of small-scale detailed trait measurements...

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  • Simulation Modelling

    Ex-ante assessment of trait value: Characterizing main stress scenarios in a target environment...

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  • Molecular Physiology

    Basic research using the tools of molecular biology enables us to investigate the ...

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  • QTL & Genetics

    Important aspect in assisting the breeding programs involves generating the knowledge on genetic...

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  • Nutrition

    Apart from the urgent need for improvement of the staple crops production quantity ...

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  • Our Aspiration

    Our aspiration is a "research-to-farm ecosystem" where farmers and researchers are connected via a string of interfaces linking information domains, and have access to digital information and tools that allow them to make the best choices, either on providing crop / cropping system for farmers by creating an enabling environment
    (market, resources, labor, etc...), or on what research interventions are needed to solve farmers' problems.

    our aspiration
  • Success Stories

    Barcoding
    Writing errors and data entry delays are things of the past!
    LysiField
    Water uptake - Small at key time is beautiful
    APSIM for sorghum and pearl millet
    Phenotype variability => Phenotype value
    Use of SSM Model
    Want to boost chickpea yield 40% / Want to increase...
    LeasyScan
    Sense and Sensibility
    Transpiration Response to VPD
    The hidden effect of Temperature
    View all
    Latest News
    • Phenospex Ltd. installs load cells in the LeasyScan facility.
      Read more...
    • PHENOSPEX's next blow in plant phenotyping
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    Read all News
    Latest Publications
    • Pearl Millet Aquaporin Gene PgPIP2;6 Improves Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco
      Thu,10-Mar-2022
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    • Functional characterization of late embryogenesis abundant genes and promoters in pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.) for abiotic stress tolerance
      Tue,09-Nov-2021
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    • Functional characterization of the promoter of pearl millet heat shock protein 10 (PgHsp10) in response to abiotic stresses in transgenic tobacco plants
      Thu,04-Nov-2021
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    • Can intercropping be an adaptation to drought? A model‐based analysis for pearl millet–cowpea
      Wed,08-Sep-2021
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    • Environmental characterization and yield gap analysis to tackle genotype-by-environment-by-management interactions and map region-specific agronomic and breeding targets in groundnut
      Wed,25-Aug-2021
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    • An update and perspectives on the use of promoters in plant genetic engineering
      Fri,26-Mar-2021
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    • SpaTemHTP: A Data Analysis Pipeline for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Temporal High-Throughput Phenotyping Data
      Tue,23-Mar-2021
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    • Study of root traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought stress
      Wed,17-Mar-2021
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    • Improved Genetic Map Identified Major QTLs for Drought Tolerance- and Iron Deficiency Tolerance-Related Traits in Groundnut
      Mon,15-Mar-2021
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    • Automated discretization of ‘transpiration restriction to increasing VPD’ features from outdoors high-throughput phenotyping data
      Fri,13-Nov-2020
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    • A comparative analysis of transpiration response to atmospheric increasing vapor pressure deficit conditions in cereal crops
      Tue,13-Oct-2020
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    • Transpiration difference under high evaporative demand in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) may be explained by differences in the water transport pathway in the root cylinder
      Sun,13-Sep-2020
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    • Improving Postrainy Sorghum Varieties to Meet the Growing Grain and Fodder Demand in India
      Fri,03-Apr-2020
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    • NIR spectroscopy: the gateway to physiology of nutritional traits of the crop
      Fri,03-Apr-2020
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    • Development of mobile sensors for estimation of grain qualities and contaminants to enhance nutrition and safety of grain-products in developing countries; current status
      Thu,02-Apr-2020
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    • Maize, sorghum, and pearl millet have highly contrasting species strategies to adapt to water stress and climate change-like conditions
      Thu,02-Apr-2020
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    • CGIAR modeling approaches for resource‐constrained scenarios: I. Accelerating crop breeding for a changing climate
      Tue,31-Mar-2020
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    • Functional Dissection of the Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Stay-Green Phenotype Associated with Molecular Variation at an Ortholog of Mendel’s I Gene for Cotyledon Color: Implications for Crop Production and Carotenoid Biofortification
      Thu,14-Nov-2019
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    • Isolation and functional characterization of three abiotic stress-inducible (Apx, Dhn and Hsc70) promoters from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
      Mon,09-Sep-2019
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    • Contributions of biodiversity to the sustainable intensification of food production – Thematic study for The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture
      Wed,31-Jul-2019
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    • Role of Plant Genetic Resources in Food Security
      Tue,23-Jul-2019
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    • Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of Hsp70 gene family in Pearl millet (Pennisetumglaucum)
      Tue,16-Jul-2019
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    • Measurement of transpiration restriction under high vapor pressure deficit for sorghum mapping population parents
      Thu,14-Feb-2019
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    • Advances in Food Legumes Research at ICRISAT
      Mon,11-Feb-2019
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    • Response to early drought stress and identification of QTLs controlling biomass production under drought in pearl millet
      Tue,30-Oct-2018
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    • Using boundary line analysis to assess the on-farm crop yield gap of wheat
      Mon,15-Oct-2018
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    • Genotypic Variation for Root Development, Water Extraction and Yield Components in Groundnut Under Low Phosphorus and Drought Stresses
      Mon,17-Sep-2018
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    • Mapping of quantitative trait loci in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and relating to the water stress environments
      Wed,13-Jun-2018
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    • Detection of stay-green QTL in a sorghum recombinant inbred population based on cross (N13 × E36-1)
      Wed,13-Jun-2018
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    • Isolation and characterization of stress inducible promoters from Pennisetum glaucum and their role in abiotic stress adaptation
      Wed,13-Jun-2018
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    • Phenotypic and genetic dissection of water stress adaptations in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)
      Wed,13-Jun-2018
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    • Genetic variability for fodder quality traits in sorghum under different water regimes
      Wed,13-Jun-2018
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    • QTL mapping for root architecture and transpiration efficiency in a maize introgression library
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Sorghum early vigor increases grain size, striga resistance and has linkages with some stay-green phenotype
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Transpiration efficiency: further insights from species, sink strength, and soil comparisons
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Role of pearl millet aquaporin genes in abiotic stress response
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Transpiration rate of chickpea wild accessions and cultivars in Turkey
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Fine mapping of the linkage group 2 drought tolerance QTL in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Drought (WS) and low phosphorus (LP) stress in groundnut: Water extraction pattern and tolerance related traits for breeding program
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Comparison of three C4 cereals for transpirational sensitivity to elevated evaporative demand
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Phenotypic and genetic dissection of water stress adaptations in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)
      Tue,12-Jun-2018
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    • Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for water use and crop production traits co-locate with major QTL for tolerance to water deficit in a fine-mapping population of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R.Br.)
      Tue,15-May-2018
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    • Accelerating Genetic Gains in Legumes for the Development of Prosperous Smallholder Agriculture: Integrating Genomics, Phenotyping, Systems Modelling and Agronomy
      Fri,20-Apr-2018
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    • Understanding crop physiological processes for climate resilience
      Fri,20-Apr-2018
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    • Characterization of the main chickpea cropping systems in India using a yield gap analysis approach
      Thu,19-Apr-2018
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    • Improving pearl millet for drought tolerance – Retrospect and prospects
      Tue,10-Apr-2018
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    • Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) contrasting for the transpiration response to vapour pressure deficit also differ in their dependence on the symplastic and apoplastic water transport pathways
      Fri,06-Apr-2018
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    • Ecology and genomics of an important crop wild relative as a prelude to agricultural innovation
      Tue,20-Feb-2018
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    • Plant vigour QTLs co-map with an earlier reported QTL hotspot for drought tolerance while water saving QTLs map in other regions of the chickpea genome
      Thu,15-Feb-2018
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    • Testing pearl millet and cowpea intercropping systems under high temperatures
      Wed,03-Jan-2018
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    • Pearl Millet Mapping Population Parents: Performance and Selection Under Salt Stress Across Environments Varying in Evaporative Demand
      Fri,15-Dec-2017
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    • Effects of individual and combined heat and drought stress during seed filling on the oxidative metabolism and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes differing in heat and drought tolerance
      Wed,06-Dec-2017
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    • Transpiration Response and Growth in Pearl Millet Parental Lines and Hybrids Bred for Contrasting Rainfall Environments
      Wed,29-Nov-2017
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    • High throughput phenotyping and advanced genotyping reveals QTLs for plant vigor and water saving traits in a “QTL-hotspot”: New opportunities for enhancing drought tolerance in chickpea
      Wed,22-Nov-2017
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    • Mapping of quantitative trait lociin pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and relating to the water stress environments
      Wed,22-Nov-2017
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    • LeasyScan: 3D scanning of crop canopy plus seamless monitoring of water use to harness the genetics of key traits for drought adaptation
      Tue,21-Nov-2017
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    • Genetic engineering approaches for drought tolerance in grain legumes: progress and prospects
      Wed,01-Nov-2017
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    • Stay-green QTL Stg3B is the key QTL associated with improved grain and stover yield under post-rainy sorghum growing conditions
      Tue,31-Oct-2017
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    • Adapting crops for semi-arid-tropical (SAT) agricultural systems: progress in TE research
      Tue,31-Oct-2017
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    • Molecular cloning and expression analysis of Aquaporin genes in pearl millet [ Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.] genotypes contrasting in their transpiration response to high vapour pressure deficits
      Thu,26-Oct-2017
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    • Phenotyping pearl millet for adaptation to drought
      Thu,26-Oct-2017
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    • Chickpea Genotypes Contrasting for Vigor and Canopy Conductance Also Differ in Their Dependence on Different Water Transport Pathways
      Thu,05-Oct-2017
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    • Virtual Plants Need Water Too: Functional-Structural Root System Models in the Context of Drought Tolerance Breeding
      Tue,26-Sep-2017
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    • Limited-transpiration response to high vapor pressure deficit in crop species
      Wed,19-Jul-2017
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    • Mapping Water Stress Incidence and Intensity, Optimal Plant Populations, and Cultivar Duration for African Groundnut Productivity Enhancement
      Fri,30-Jun-2017
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    • Relevance of limited-transpiration trait for lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) in South Asia
      Fri,26-May-2017
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    • Evaluation of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)] Reference Genes in Various Tissues and under Abiotic Stress Conditions for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Data Normalization
      Thu,11-May-2017
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    • Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.), A Response Associated with Na+Accumulation in Leaves
      Thu,11-May-2017
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    • Component traits of plant water use are modulated by vapour pressure deficit in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.)
      Tue,09-May-2017
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    • Root aquaporins contribute to whole plant water fluxes under drought stress in rice (Oryza sativaL.)
      Mon,01-May-2017
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    • Review: An integrated framework for crop adaptation to dry environments: Responses to transient and terminal drought
      Tue,11-Apr-2017
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    • Variation in drought-tolerance components and their interrelationships in the core collection of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) germplasm
      Sat,07-Jan-2017
      Read More
    • Genotypic variation in soil water use and root distribution and their implications for drought tolerance in chickpea
      Tue,13-Dec-2016
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    • Root traits confer grain yield advantages under terminal drought in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
      Thu,01-Dec-2016
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    • Determination of coefficient defining leaf area development in different genotypes, plant types and planting densities in peanut (Arachis hypogeae L.)
      Thu,29-Sep-2016
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    • Shoot traits and their relevance in terminal drought tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
      Mon,26-Sep-2016
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    • Overcoming Phosphorus Deficiency in West African Pearl Millet and Sorghum Production Systems: Promising Options for Crop Improvement
      Fri,23-Sep-2016
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    • S’appuyer sur les multiples benefices des legumineuses a graines pour une agriculture plus productive et nutritive dans les tropiques semi-arides (Relying on the numerous advantages of grain legumes for more productive and nutritive agriculture in the semi-arid tropics)
      Tue,21-Jun-2016
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    • Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of a heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10) from Pennisetum glaucum (L.), a C4 cereal plant from the semi-arid tropics
      Tue,31-May-2016
      Read More
    • Evaluation of Sorghum [Sorghumbicolor(L.)] Reference Genes in Various Tissues and under AbioticStress Conditions for Quantitative Real-Time PCRD at a Normalization
      Tue,26-Apr-2016
      Read More
    • LeasyScan: a novel concept combining 3D imaging and lysimetry for high-throughput phenotyping of traits controlling plant water budget
      Mon,18-Apr-2016
      Read More
    • High transpiration efficiency increases pod yield under intermittent drought in dry and hot atmospheric conditions but less so under wetter and cooler conditions in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea (L.))
      Mon,14-Mar-2016
      Read More
    • An integrated approach to maintaining cereal productivity under climate change
      Wed,09-Mar-2016
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    • Annotation of Trait Loci on Integrated Genetic Maps of Arachis Species
      Wed,17-Feb-2016
      Read More
    • Comparison of a Napier Hybrid with Groundnut Haulms from Different Cultivars Fed to Nellore Sheep
      Thu,07-Jan-2016
      Read More
    • Quantitative trait loci associated with constitutive traits control water use in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
      Fri,18-Dec-2015
      Read More
    • Identification of several small main-effect QTLs and a large number of epistatic QTLs for drought tolerance related traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
      Mon,30-Nov-2015
      Read More
    • Analysis of chickpea yield gap and water-limited potential yield in Iran
      Tue,17-Nov-2015
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    • Changes in timing of water uptake and phenology favours yield gain in terminal water stressed chickpea AtDREB1A transgenics
      Tue,20-Oct-2015
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    • Livestock water productivity: feed resourcing, feeding and coupled feed-water resource data bases
      Thu,08-Oct-2015
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    • Abiotic Stress Responses in Legumes: Strategies Used to Cope with Environmental Challenges
      Wed,07-Oct-2015
      Read More
    • Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones
      Tue,06-Oct-2015
      Read More
    • Developing drought tolerant crops: hopes and challenges in an exciting journey
      Mon,05-Oct-2015
      Read More
    • Modelling the effect of plant water use traits on yield and stay-green expression in sorghum
      Mon,05-Oct-2015
      Read More
    • Tolerant pearlmillet (Pennisetumglaucum(L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones
      Fri,18-Sep-2015
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    • Water use, transpiration efficiency and yield in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) across water regimes
      Mon,17-Aug-2015
      Read More
    • Salt sensitivity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): ions in reproductive tissues and yield components in contrasting genotypes
      Mon,27-Jul-2015
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    • Genomewide Association Studies for 50 Agronomic Traits in Peanut Using the ‘Reference Set’ Comprising 300 Genotypes from 48 Countries of the Semi-Arid Tropics of the World
      Fri,17-Jul-2015
      Read More
    • Introgression of staygreen QLT's for concomitant improvement of food and fodder traits in Sorghum bicolor
      Mon,13-Jul-2015
      Read More
    • Higher flower and seed number leads to higher yield under water stress conditions imposed during reproduction in chickpea
      Mon,06-Jul-2015
      Read More
    Latest Experiments
    • The latest experiment before the hot summer this year were two RIL populations
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    About G.E.M.S

  • For us gems means GEMS, or G*E*M*S (genotype by environment by management by society) interactions, i.e. the fact that crop yields results from complex biophysical interactions while acceptance depends on farmer/consumer preferences. This complexity becomes an opportunity when it is cracked into components that can be analysed, understood, predicted, and then used to prioritise research investments to maximise return. This is what we do, and this is when GEMS become gems!

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    • Crop Physiology Laboratory,
      Building No: 302,
      System Analysis for Climate Smart Agriculture
      Innovation System for Drylands (ISD),
      ICRISAT,
      Patancheru 502324,
      Telangana– India

      04030713373

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    WHY GEMS?

    For us gems means GEMS, or G*E*M*S (genotype by environment by management by society) interactions, i.e. the fact that crop yields results from complex biophysical interactions while acceptance depends on farmer/consumer preferences. This complexity becomes an opportunity when it is cracked into components that can be analyzed, understood, predicted, and then used to prioritize research investments to maximise return. This is what we do, and this is when GEMS become gems!

    A crop performs in different ways in different sites, years and agronomic managements. These are called genotype-by-environment-by management(G*E*M) interactions, and they are a main challenge for breeders and agronomists. There is one more layer of interaction, even more complex: the society (S). Farmers and consumers have different desires, needs, expectations, and a cultivar that fits one may not fit the other (G*E*M*S interactions). The puzzle is complex and challenging but if its components are understood, specific interventions can be undertaken.For instance, breeding for a particular genotype (G, with particular physiological characteristics), for a particular environment (E, with a particular kind of drought pattern that requires a specific adaptive trait), in a particular management practice (M, for instance a sowing density, or a N fertilizer treatment), and targeted to particular farmer/consumer (S, for instance a genotype that produces a lot of rich stover for cattle ranchers) is the need of the hour.

    What can we do together